Bauhaus 1919-1933
14 years
33 Faculty
1250 students
1919-1925- Bauhaus is in Weimar- still place
- 1923 first public exhibition
- 1924 Letter of resignation
1925-1932- Dessau. they evolve and their things are sold in shops
1928
1932- 1933- Berlin- in old abandon factory
Utopian desire to create a new spiritual society
Unity of Artist and Craftsmanship to build for the future
Ideas from all of the Advanced Art and Design Movements were exploited and applied funciainal design
Core people of the Bauhaus-
Paul Klee
Moholy Nagy
Johannas Itten
Herbert Bayer
Kandinsky
Mies van der Rohe
Walter Gropius
Oscar Schlemmer
Joseph Albers
Walter Gropius-
first director of the Bauhaus, lived until 1969. He's a solider in the first WW and thinks about creating a new stool and taming the machine and taming technology for the benefits of society while he was studying. he has a council of master which were Gerhard Marks, Lyonel Feringer, and Johannes Itten who instructed the Preliminary Courses.
it was a printed manifesto of the Bauhaus. They used a woodcut illustration used as a metaphor with represented paint sculpture and architecture saying it should alb one. They saw themselves shaping the new century. They looked at what was the core the every basic thing artist should know.
Johannas Itten-
His contribution was the he designed the foundation program and that there should be a Core knowledge the everyone shares. he lives until 1967. he idea was trying to release each individuals capabilities. what's special about this person. he was interested in establishing a physical nature in materials. he taught the fundamental principals of design that everyone would relate to. they would to explorations of contrast and study the old mater works and analyze them. there was a emphasis in contrast on how we would understand reality. sent the students out the grab materials and understand the movement of objects. students didn't have money.
Laszlo Moholy Nagy-
a hungarian constructavist. heft that art should be for the service of society. he experimented with everything- photography and montage and Itten sets up a foundation program but he's too far so he's replaces by Nagy and he's brought in to take over the foundation. he has incredible influence in the Bauhaus. Gropius right hand man. he combines imagery and typography and he thinks it's the most important thing to be experimenting with and creates a typo photo. he thought communication should be in it's most intense form. he was interested in legibility. the communication should never be impaired by aesthetic. he doesn't like post -nominism but he's trying to create a new graphic language. he experiments with photograins which was something new and used this as a way to make new art to explore new areas. a What If. He develops photoplastics which were photobloges and was a different way of thinking pre-computer.
It's the golden period for the Bauhaus. a New building the gropius was able to bring his architecture work. Their stairway was actually similar to a painting to Schemer and Liechtenstein.
Herbert Bayer-
he gives the universal alphabet. his idea is that we don't have an alphabet and the we have to learn upper and lower case ABand C. he came up with the idea to omit the upper letter. He did a piece which was a poster to announce a poster for Kandinsky that it's design was modernism in a nut shell. in 1928 Gropius and Nagy leave. they were harassed by the Nazi's. they thought if they leave the Bauhaus would be left alone. he hired Hanz myers who isn't popular with the Nazi party. he doesn't last long and is replaced by Lease Vanderrou. not attractive and very mean looking. he's from a school called blood and soil. but then their closed by the Nazi's for his actions.
Jan Tschicochold-
he creates an hand letter advertisement. he's the son of a designer painter and studied calligraphy. he's there in 1922. In 1936 america, the ideas of the Bauhaus wasn't embraced there. in 1923, in 21 years old he goes to the bauhaus exhibition and explode to their ideas. he brought different ideas into practical use and design and rocks his world. in 1925, he's writing and publishing a paper that explained the new typography to printers and designers. in 1928, he writes a seminal book called "the new typography". It was a bible for typography. he was looking to say everything people were doing with typography was crap and they need to use the new typography. lol he turns away from it later from life. the aim of every typographic work to be the dietary of a message in toy shortest most efficient manner. He created a simple invitation in 1927 which uses active negative space. He's harassed by the Nazi's by his typography. they throw him in jail and he's freaked out. in 1933, the Nazi powers shrugged. his worked was considered degenerated. and soviet posters were found in his flat. they think he was in collaboration with the communist and his typography book was confiscated for the protection of society. in 6 weeks, he and his family escape to Switzerland. He later works for penguin books and leaves the rest of his life there.
Personal Thoughts: I thought that for class that a good help for studying for the test next week and that they different styles of the variety of artist would really help to make a new revolution for the new generation of artist here. Dorian's lecture seems to make him want us to focus more on the important teachings of history and focus on using more was of learning that would seem more appealing like using youtube or any type of video. The Nazi's ways with destroy work make me a little more pissed off at their actions with effecting the Bauhaus, if it wasn't enough with harming the jewish religion. I hope that I could be one of the people that will change how this generation of art will bring art into this era starting a new cause for my future.
Questions: I would like to know more about what other things the Nazi's have destroyed or disgraced with their actions during their uprising? I was shocked by the action that they took with Tschicochold. Do they do anymore drastic actions like this?
