Entry 4

Notes: Saw Guy make a 3D pantograph (video)

Industrial Revolution (video)

Expect this on test to identify:

old style, transition, modern, egyptian, san serif.- the five historical type families. 

(multiple choice questions)

remember the base line, x-height, cap height, ascender, desender, how to measure the face size (heighest to lowest)

San serif develops from taking to egyptian face and logging the fetes off.

in 1900, san serif used for running text. Peter Barrons. 

1800's printing hasn't changed a lot, still using things Gutenberg has given us, first iron press in 1800, made out of iron. pressed harder, metal screw system, used about 1/10 of physical effort for a wooden press. Evolution- Fredreich Koenig gets pattened for steam powered press, 1814, get pattened for a double cylinder press.

250 impressions-1800

1100 impressions-1814, machine to do the work for them. 

ledite- someone who won't use computers or new technology. 

people mad about steam powered presses, 1827 times commisened a press, built in secret. afraid it would be destroyed. development in progression. same time we have popular media. rapid production, cost of papers dropped. papers were originally sold my subscription  (more elite business,) penny papers for common papers. appeal to wider audience(that cost three pennies). they sold ad space. 

1830's- penny papers were conservative, not developed media form, blocky type on page. had names like advisor or the merchant. were more enlightening. 

1841 john hooper, first ad man. they were brokers of space. he placed ads in newspapers. takes ads to other newspapers. today called: media bots. brokers of space. 

Otmar Merganthaller perfected his linotype machine in 1886. His work is close to GIC students history. he created a machine to set type and putting it in. papers were limited to 8 pages. files a pattened in1825 for a machine to allow a persona to do compositing, in 1886, 300 machines in Europe and America that have or has been waiting for patteneds. German immigrant, comes with idea for casting type. he demonstrates to NY time his machine, sitting in keyboard. Linotype machine could do work of 7-8 compositors. they were not needed. before good business casting type, collapsed with people making lead type getting cheaper and cheaper and had to work in one company called the American type Foundation Company. 

had keyboard for the machine, element that they called a mouse, secondary keyboard. press key, release a matrix. a mold drops down shute forms lines. 

first photograph of nature, Jason Yeeps. 

jack dagara, photograph of records of streets in the past. streets empty, exposure took long people were't captured. only one guy, standing still long enough. 

henry fox tablet, experiment with making photographs. photographs was an interesting plaything that's going to be played with art. a photogram is- taking a light sensitive paper, exposing it to light. first photograph printed from a negative, 1835

1889 kodak released camera picture that everyone can use. anyone can talk pictures. 1865,sent photographers out to take pictures and sent it to illustrators to draw them in wood blocks that would be used to print. 

1880, first half tone plate. allowed us to print photographs. haf tone creates continuous tone.

Remember (Half Tone)

1864-1865, civil war, got photography developing, first war able to be photographed photos that were taken only showed aftermath. people said it was fake. 

Eadweard Muybridge (already know about him)

Victorian era. it's framed around the time Vitctoria was queen 1819-190. the era's graphics are noted for aesthetic confusion. the era is larked of a period of having strong moral and religious beliefs. they loved fussiness and complexity, the designs was the result of the aesthetic confusion. 

Fox Talbot made a book which was an example of Victorian graphics. gothic lettering, vine work, all the touchstones of Victoraian element graphics. 

New technology shift, lithography (print on big stones), promo lithography.  

advantae lithography, you could use gradation and have crazy curvy lines.

color lithography separate stone for each color, amazing gradation. invented in late 1700s. in 1800s they invent chromo lithography, 1840's printers are getting realistic images.  with Chromo lithography work, typography can now interact with the negative space of the people. it became intertwinement. 

Ephemera

Victorian era graphics, were called scrap cards they were little give aways as packaging, they were ephemera, cheap and colorful. first time in history people can have color art in your home. it had pattern and texture cause they didn't have it before. Lewis Prang and scorecards were synomonis. they gave example of Voctorian era graphics, were called Scrap.the era is also noted by a spirit of nationalism. it's identified as being Victorian by the boats, flags, the trumploy effects,. Same time period that there were lots of poster for traveling amusements.they have a blank section that would called Hubset. 

Personal Thoughts: I though that the class today was to help us learn more about the process that was made to make writing easier for typography. Even though it made things easier than how it was in the past, it cost many people of jobs and they couldn't provide for their families. They had to share beds and it was hard for them to also get a room let alone enough food for everyone. A lot of people got sick as well since their water bucket was the same bucket that they used for  using the facilities. A lot of people suffered from this and died out without realizing why they were getting sick since they didn't know that bacteria could kill them. The short review in class about the classical type faces and questions we'll be having on the test soon was really helpful in reminding me I need to study all of the things I'll need to know so I could be bette prepared. I was also happy in class when Mr. Angelo mention Eadweard Muybridge since I studied him for a presentation I have to do for Animation Techniques and I know a lot of information about him. The developing of photograph is sort of related to what I have to work on since my animator also worked with photography so it was nice o learn the evolution from the first photo taken of the war to the invention of Kodak. Overall, class was exciting and I hope all this information would stay with me for the test.

Questions and Research: It was said earlier that people were upset that the new inventions like the Lino-type and the Lithographs and Promo Lithographs since it made people go out of work. I was wondering how Leddites handled the Victorian Era work? Did they hate it or not notice it? As for Research, I have information about Eadweard Muybridge. During his accident with the Carriage ride, he lost the ability to taste and smell, which made more focused on what he wanted in his work with motion.

Entry 3

Notes: 

    Rococo's design has a lot of detail. it uses copper plate engraving. guys who made copper plate stated doing their own typography. used thick and thin lines. in england, not much was happening, they had civil war and political turmoil. Charles demanded number of printers to be 20 and death to otherwise. Printing is power. it threatens people in power. 

Bodoni made an early title page that showed that it was influenced by Rococo. 

prior revolution, has fancy style, revolution came and wanted to destroy it but had to put something new in it. could go back or…. do something new. when antiquity was appreciated. intreats in classic work. Bodoni was inspired by frunior. Bodoni helped bring modern in 1790. he redefines roman letter forms with geometric system. designs alphabet that was mechanical and geometrical. looked for interchangeable parts that could be reused. draw something by hand, human, organic. but mechanical means precise. reinvents the serif. took bracts off. His idea was letterform was to be built with a limited number of interchangeable units.

Late 1700's in america, guns interchangeable parts, modernization.  Bodoni built same way as gun. Bodoni, modern typeface. he had decoration before, as time passed, decorations disappeared and lighter page. 

1800's, Bodoni evolves to be fat face. a display version of Bodoni. has exaggeration of thick and thin and keeps on exaggerating. has fat face and a display face. display face is deceptive and good for say "SAIL" or "ROW" 

industrialization, opening factories, sold lots of stuff. world is affected in change, within industrial revolution shifts form librarian to on an industrial based. not happy time for workers, especially if young. industrialization lead to consumers. people need to buy stuff to support the machine. rise of the middle class. people come into money who never had money before. need to be told what to do with the money. breeds envy and contempt. a social cost to industrialization which had long wages, mass unemployments and tenements. plus side, growing literacy, public education.

Video short: Gangs of New York~ short clip.

talked about how Irish were treated like crap. Loved and hated William Tweed. Theives admired him.

Technology lowers cost and increase production. same with printing greater availability, more money means more productivity. competition, when want attention, they want bigger type. 

Nest thing comes along is wood type. with machinery and the Router. it means an orgy of different styles. the Router discards limitations of type faces. created Egyptian face. they get their name because it was what was cool at the time. 

next major innovation came with Two line Egyptian type which we would call San Serif. they had egyptian and one day someone took the serifs off.  even weight, not contrast to thick and thin. 

Tuscan face, a type of display face. a crazy decoration of letters. (similar to cowboys). then we get dimentional letters, knocked out letters,  

Words for the day: Democrazization, Bodoni, Transitional, Modern, Neo-classical, interchangeable parts, fat face, compositor, industrialization, display type, egyptian, sans serif, tuscan style, wood type, ephemera.  ephemera: things that's not suppose to be collected. 

people used ephemera everywhere. poster houses springing up, not designed, what would fit in the space and what's available. 

Looking a ephemera in the past showed what was being sold what people were buying.  

five historical faces: old style, transitional, modern, egyptian, sans serif.  the differences are in quality of strokes, separation, and the brackets. 

Display: black letter, hand written, script, dingbats. 

faces are measured by the height of the lowercase letters or the x-height. 

Leading is the space between lines of type. it's measured from base line to base line. 

Advice to myself in the future- ((Leading is 20% beyond the base line)))

Never use auto leading, especially on a poster.  it's 20% over.  

Personal Thoughts:  I felt that class was actually useful as to what we need to learn as design students. Since we're using a lot of typography in 2D design, it's good to learn how it evolved and what the different types of typefaces were created. The differences of how the type used to look was really simple and interesting. It's a little scary but also believable that people compete in how popular their typography is and do wacky things to get the public's attention. Even in today's era, we focus on what's new and popular and sometimes get fueled with envy on wanting what the others or multiple people have. I've felt that feeling before and it's sad that it's what society has come too but it's acceptable as well. These lecture is also for future information for me when I need to make a poster and there are things I shouldn't do if I want good results in my career.  Learning about how Bodoni became popular and how it copied the Rococo design was good for me to know since I've been using it a lot with my typography in 2-D Design class. Overall, there are things that are quite unique about how the historical typefaces lead an impact as to how the world falls to consumerism and how it'll continue to grow with display face to attract people to the different styles companies produce.

Questions: I would like to know how the other types of typefaces on my computer like in Photoshop and Illustrator came into becoming popular? Another one is are they similar to the historical typefaces and if they are, who were the different types of people that thought of their design being similar to it?

Entry 2

Days's Notes: -Pictographs

-writing information takes power away from people/ using memory

-all the information that's recorded, multiple people have info, guy has no power

-power taken away because of literacy

ex_ 

Key terms from last week: Lascaux, Scribe, Sumerian, illuminated Manuscripts, Cuniform, book of keels. (manuscripts) they shed lights, they were literally illuminated

When societies progress, technology progresses.

recognizing the importance of literacy and when roman kind of went to pop, it makes Charloamine, imports a head scribe, Al Quinn of York. York develops Caroline if Minuscules. 

fast forwarded to 1400, wood block print of playing card. until then entertainment was not getting raped by vikings. entertainment royalty and peasants have, have same thing.  (xylography)

People's brains are wired differently, remember visual signs, strategy. 

poor status people can own printed wooden stacks now. 

death was popular. because plague, ars morienei, tells how to day for the afterlife, the afterlife is better then common life. propaganda, could leave money to family, or to church. the print was hand carved. 

another ars morienei, hand colored 

Hutanberg/ the east experimenting with printing, makes printing in text work

Factors that were in place were a growing middle class, students in expanding universities, increase literacy, monopoly on literacy being taken away from the church, theres a demand. increase literacy more people want books, books worth farm. Gutenberg bring systems together, develops owl, system for developing letter forms, comes up with ink, comes up with press system, develops types styles, ligatures (look up). he's a regular guy. just guy wanting to make money, 

1438, forms a formal contract teaching secret process for making mirrors; heating mercery. 5 year another secrets contract, trial showed him printmaking.  his systems stay in place. 

Film: The making of a renaissance book

printmaking, had to get lead to making them and fixing each individual letter and cared about the space.

typography is used to print with independent prints, 

letter of indulgence, buy off church to pay off sins. get out of jail free card. gutenberg could make these, he makes a gutenberg bible. printed 1455, prints the same text but adds designs to it. in 1450, he borrowed from 800 gilders, contract with yohan bus, idea of printing bibles, 1452, borrow another 800 gilders to establish partnership, adds extra lines to save 142 words, 1455, fuss sues gutenberg, he takes over production of bibles, goes into business with shop forman. incunabula; it mean baby carriage, reforest to the first 50 years of printing. 

bible was first successful book. selling them as manuscripts, 1465, gutenberg is appointed noble men and they know he got screwed over. Nainz, Germany 1500, 35 additions of 9 million books all by hand. typography is the major communications in advance  between the invention of writing and 20th century mass communication. at first people freak out. some fall, others adapt. from 1473, book about famous women, 

1493, Nuremberg chronicles, a history of the world up to that point. had storyboard/ thumbnails of them working on the things that they planned out. 

swevyheym and Pannartz- evolution to roman letters, to printers from italy. brings letterforms that are based on humanistic writing of scribes. during the renaissance, rediscovering classic text. 1475, first english settling book. 

calendarier, a calendar. (1476) 

1639, steven daye, locksmith, gets to be first printer in colonies, first thing prints is whole books of psalms messy, horrible, not crafted with love, guy trying make buck, 

rococo, france 1730's printing goes crazy, fanciful, ornate, a time of inquiry, science, 

1692, louie ordered scholars made royal typeface. drawn by grid, scientific principle. 

rommainduroi, stayed the same until french revolution. 

Fournier; he created clean, readable, decretive, printers flowers : florins. he created a manual of typography. he prints popular literature 

copperplate ingrain, became popular, scratching in plate with needles, knew they could do typography like topographic books without being limited. pushed litterform design. 

Personal Thoughts: Today's class was interesting like it was before. Printmakers a worked hard to create their letters making each letter form and post it with lead ink. They had to be carful not to make mistake like in terms of spacing and incorrect letters. There were also people like Gutenberg with made his own bible and made a buck out of it. He had the typography similar to what the bible had but added his own print making designs into it to make it decorative and nice. I thought the effort they gave to improve the time of typographic design was relentless and difficult. It would be something I wouldn't do and am glad they gave the effort in their printmaking so we could have things done easier for us today. The video showed a lot of their work but it was a little uninteresting. Overall, the class was very informative and it showed how freaking lucky we are.

Entry 1

Today's class taught about how previous thoughts are remixed to create new and creative ideas. We watched the video called "Everything's a remix" which showed some of they ideas from movies and successful music records the themes have come from old or previous made ideas of someone else. An example that was brought from the video was how computer companies copied ideas from the Xerox to make things more efficient like the Macintosh. 

There was also mentions of the Scribes about them having strict and professional life style. They are needed to prefect their work and if they make a mistake they'll have to start over from the beginning. They also find creative ways to illustrate their work. Scribes sometimes suffered for their work and faced threats from their work being evil. 

Reflections:

I thought class was very informative and unique. It's a knew way for me to learn and I enjoyed the way Dorian presented the lecture. He gave a more wacky and crazy style of teaching compared to the regular way it's taught with other professors. It really caught my attention to what was required for the lesson and how to memorize without cramming your braincells on multiple subjects. He was also relatable on how an art student deals with having to learn history as a requirement for college. It helped to learn about how things from famous movie I enjoyed happened to have copied a lot of information from a variety of classic movie scenes and make a fantastic piece millions of people have enjoyed. 

The life of a Scribe was full of difficult challenges that it make me think our generation has it easy with using technology for our everyday life. I was a little envious of the talent of their writing and the dedication they have for their work no matter how many revisions they had to do when they tried to correct a mistake.

Breif Bio

Hey Hey Hey, what's up people? I'm Rashad Dunn and I'm a little new to the whole blogging thing. I'm 18 years of age and my major is motion design. I hope to learn a lot from this class and will update with results I hope a satisfactory to the class. I'm a little shy at first so I won't usually talk much in class and not really confident in what I do. I don't always have the best memory at times but I'll take as much out of this class as I can. I hope for an excellent semester with History of Graphic Art.